Obstetrics & Gynaecology
Obstetrics deals with women’s care during the different progressive stages of pregnancy or gestation from conception to childbirth, while gynaecology involves the diagnosis and treatment of various conditions of the female reproductive organs.
Obstetrics as mentioned focus of the care taken during the progressive stage of the three trimesters of both the mother and the foetus till the delivery. It involves several tests for assessment of the safety and development.
Several routine tests in the pregnancy generally include:
First Trimester:
a) Complete blood count
b) Blood type: Rh-negative antenatal patients should receive RhoGAM at 28 weeks to prevent Rh disease.
c)Indirect Coombs test (AGT) to assess risk of haemolytic disease.
d) Rapid plasma test to screen for syphilis.
e) Rubella antibody screen.
f) HBsAg test to screen for hepatitis B.
g) Testing for chlamydia and gonorrhoea when indicated.
h) Mantoux test for tuberculosis.
i) Urine analysis and culture.
Second Trimester:
a) MSAFP/quad. screen (four simultaneous blood tests) (maternal serum AFP, inhibin A, estriol, and βHCG) – elevations, low numbers or odd patterns correlate with neural tube defect risk and increased risks of trisomy 18 or trisomy 21.
b) Ultrasound either abdominal or transvaginal to assess cervix, placenta, fluid and baby
c) Amniocentesis is the national standard (in what country) for women over 35 or who reach 35 by mid pregnancy or who are at increased risk by family history or prior birth history.
Third Trimester:
a) Hematocrit (if low, the mother receives iron supplements)
b) Group B Streptococcus screen. If positive, the woman receives IV penicillin or ampicillin while in labor—or, if she is allergic to penicillin, an alternative therapy, such as IV clindamycin or IV vancomycin.
c) Glucose loading test (GLT) – screens for gestational diabetes; if > 140 mg/dL, a glucose tolerance test (GTT) is administered; a fasting glucose > 105 mg/dL suggests gestational diabetes.
Most doctors do a sugar load in a drink form of 50 grams of glucose.
Gynaecology involves the diagnosis and treatment of various conditions of the female reproductive organs. Some of them are as listed below:
a) Fibroids
b) Heavy Periods
c) Abnormal Bleeding
d) Endometriosis
e) Polyp of Uterus
f) Pelvic masses
g) Pelvic Pain
h) Pelvic adhesion
i) Ovarian cyst
Our Expert Consultants
Dr. Shivanand
MBBS, DGO, OBG
Consultant Gynaecologist
Dr. Mangala Gowri
MBBS, MS
Consultant Gynaecologist
