Dermatology
Dermatology is the branch of medicine that deals with the issues related to the skin, hair, nails, and some related cosmetic issues.
The most common ailments in dermatology are:
1. Acne (Acne vulgaris) :
Acne is caused by hormonal changes that often result in blocked hair follicles and oil glands referred to as sebaceous glands in the skin. Acne is not just pimples on the face but blackheads, cysts, and nodules.
2. Atopic dermatitis (Eczema) :
Atopic dermatitis generally appears on the face, predominantly seen in infants, but can also occur on the hands, feet, or in the creases and folds of the skin. Dry, scaly, and itchy skin, and constant scratching may lead to a thickened area. Eczema often occurs in people with allergies.
3. Shingles (Herpes Zoster) :
The shingles virus, also known as the Herpes zoster, causes a red, blistering rash that can appear anywhere on the body or may wrap around your torso. At times, fever, fatigue, and headache may also be observed.
4. Hives (Urticaria) :
Known as welts (raised, red, itchy areas) that can occur on the skin. Hives are caused by medication, food, and bug bites or stings.
5. Sunburn :
When the skin is exposed to ultraviolet (UV) light from the sun or sunlamps, the skin turns red,becomes painful, hot to the touch, and may even peel away.
6. Contact Dermatitis:
Many times when we touch something, it evolves into a skin reaction. Contact dermatitis is a type of eczema, and the source is from plants (poison ivy, sumac, oak), jewellery, latex gloves, and irritants like bleach or soaps.
7. Diaper Rash:
A condition that occurs due to prolonged usage of wet diapers. In the diaper area, buttocks, genitals, and skin folds, a wet or soiled diaper left on for too long can cause red bumps and rash. Skin can be damaged by urine, stools, and chemicals in disposable diapers, which can also dissolve and irritate skin. Candida (yeast) or bacteria can also take advantage of the inflamed, broken skin and complicate the rash.
8. Rosacea:
Rosacea is a chronic swelling of the face, with redness, prominent blood vessels, and pimples.
9. Athlete’s Foot (Tinea Pedis):
Usually, feet are prone to fungal infections. Extreme itching, redness, and cracked skin on the feet and in between the toes are all symptoms of athlete’s foot. Fungi called dermatophytes are typically found in warm, moist places like shower stalls, locker rooms, and pool decks.
10. Basal Cell Carcinoma:
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a type of skin cancer. It grows in the upper basal cells of your skin but rarely spreads, and is curable.
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